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READER QUESTION: HOW DO I DECLARE A LONG-TERM ILLNESS IN FRANCE TO BE BETTER REIMBURSED? ARE ALL ILLNESSES TREATED IN THE SAME WAY? In France, medical care costs can vary, depending on your

insurance, type of illness and a number of other factors. This question concerns the effects that having a proven long-term illness can have on these costs. A long-term health condition

(_affection longue durée_ or ALD) is defined by the Health Ministry as “an illness whose severity and/or chronic nature requires prolonged and particularly expensive treatment”. In France, a

large portion of healthcare costs are covered by social security if you are in the French health system. Not all costs are covered, however, and what is left for individuals (and

potentially top-up insurance if patients have this) to pay is called the _ticket modérateur_ or co-payment. Social security usually covers a base rate of 70% of the cost of a doctor’s

appointment, for example. If you have an ALD, social security will cover more of your healthcare costs in relation to this condition, often 100% of costs for expenses such as doctors’

appointments, obtaining prescribed medicine, X-rays and analysis reports etc. HOW ARE LONG-TERM ILLNESSES CATEGORISED? It is important to be aware, however, that not all illnesses that we

may see as ‘long-term’ fall under the official category. In 2011 the Health Ministry established the ‘ALD 30’, a list which covers all illnesses that may allow sufferers to claim exemption

from co-payments. Illnesses on the list include various types of cancer, Alzheimer’s, Parkinson’s, coronary diseases, depression and diabetes among others. The full list can be found here on

Assurance Maladie’s website. Be aware that the list of illnesses on the list can sometimes be subject to change, and that certain charges, such as the _forfait hospitalier_ daily charge for

hospital stays or any _dépassemetns d’honoraires_ (extra fees on top of the basic state tariffs) charged by so-called ‘sector 2’ doctors. Also, not all medicines are necessarily reimbursed

at 100% of the cost to you. WHAT TO DO IF MY CONDITION IS NOT ON THE LIST? If you suffer from a long-term illness that is not on the ALD 30 list, you may still be eligible. Your condition

may fall under the category of ALD 31 – “serious illnesses which develop over a period of more than six months, the treatment of which is particularly costly”, which are not on the main ALD

30 list. There is no set list of ‘ALD31’ list of illnesses; however, you must prove that your illness fulfils at least two of the following four criteria relating to extended treatment: *

Future (i.e more than one) hospital visits * Repeated technical medical procedures * Repeated medical testing procedures * Frequent and regular paramedical care There are also cases of ALD32

patients, where a “combination of several conditions result in a disabling pathological state requiring treatment lasting more than six months and which is particularly costly.” Again,

there is no fixed list of all ALD32 conditions and it is up to social security to decide whether you will fall into this category depending on the conditions you have. Note that

occasionally, conditions may be deemed an ALD but not be eligible for reimbursement at 100%. Such ALD _non-exonérantes_ include notably conditions liable to mean you will have to stop work

for a period of six months or more or have constant treatment for such a period. Benefits in this case include the right to at least six months’ sick pay and cover for transport costs. HOW

DO I DECLARE AN ALD TO SOCIAL SECURITY? The quickest way to declare an ALD is via an appointment with your GP, who will fill in a ‘health protocol’ form, which is sent off to social security

services and assessed by one of their medical officers, who decides which treatments they will cover, and to what amount. Once this is done, your doctor will draw up an agreement, and your

condition will be listed on your social security account within 48 hours. WHAT DO I DO, IF I DO NOT HAVE A GP? If you do not have a _médecin traitant_ (typically your own designated GP, who

is familiar with your medical history) your local Cpam health authority may be able to help with your application. In this context, a _médecin traitant_, who is required to fill out the form

does not always mean general practitioner - it can be a specialist or hospital doctor who follows your treatment for your long-term illness. If you are diagnosed with an ALD during an

emergency hospital visit, this doctor can also complete the health protocol form for you. It is recommended, however, to make sure you have a GP as ALD protocols usually come up for renewal

from time to time. It is estimated however that over 600,000 patients with an ALD do not have a regular GP, and the Health Ministry has stated it will contact these people by the end of June

to provide ‘concrete solutions’ to help them retain their ALD status. RELATED ARTICLES: ONLINE HEALTH ACCOUNT IN FRANCE: SIX USEFUL THINGS YOU CAN DO WHAT ARE THE COSTS OF HOSPITAL STAYS IN

FRANCE?