
The dark side of ras: regulation of apoptosis
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ABSTRACT Mutational activation of Ras promotes oncogenesis by disrupting a multitude of normal cellular processes. Perhaps, best characterized and understood are the mechanisms by which
oncogenic Ras promotes deregulated cell cycle progression and uncontrolled cellular proliferation. However, it is now clear that oncogenic Ras can also deregulate processes that control
apoptosis. In light of the diversity of downstream effector targets known to facilitate Ras function, it is perhaps not surprising that Ras regulation of cell survival is complex, involving
the balance and interplay of multiple signaling networks. While our understanding of these events is still far from complete, and is complicated by cell type and signaling context
differences, several important mechanisms have begun to emerge. We review the role and mechanism of specific effectors in regulating the antiapoptotic (Raf, phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase and
Tiam1) and apoptotic (Nore1 and RASSF1) actions of oncogenic Ras, and discuss the possibility that the effector actions of p120RasGAP make a significant contribution to Ras regulation of
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Zimmermann S and Moelling K . (1999). _Science_, 286, 1741–1744. Download references ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS We apologize for not being able to cite original work of many colleagues due to space
constraints. Our studies were supported by grants from the National Institutes of Health (CA42978, CA69577 and CA67771), and from the Lustgarten Foundation for Pancreatic Cancer Research
(LF-056). AUTHOR INFORMATION AUTHORS AND AFFILIATIONS * Department of Pharmacology, Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, 27599,
NC, USA Adrienne D Cox & Channing J Der * Department of Radiation Oncology, Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, 27599, NC,
USA Adrienne D Cox Authors * Adrienne D Cox View author publications You can also search for this author inPubMed Google Scholar * Channing J Der View author publications You can also search
for this author inPubMed Google Scholar CORRESPONDING AUTHOR Correspondence to Channing J Der. RIGHTS AND PERMISSIONS Reprints and permissions ABOUT THIS ARTICLE CITE THIS ARTICLE Cox, A.,
Der, C. The dark side of Ras: regulation of apoptosis. _Oncogene_ 22, 8999–9006 (2003). https://doi.org/10.1038/sj.onc.1207111 Download citation * Published: 08 December 2003 * Issue Date:
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shareable link is not currently available for this article. Copy to clipboard Provided by the Springer Nature SharedIt content-sharing initiative KEYWORDS * Ras * apoptosis * signal
transduction * small GTPase