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ABSTRACT OBJECTIVE: This paper aims at clarifying the meaning of ‘optimal diets’. DESIGN: Two different optimization approaches are considered. Both depart from people’s actual diets which

in general do not meet all their nutrient requirements. In the first case (non fuzzy approach) the actual diets are modified such that all nutrient intake recommendations are met and the

resulting changes in the persons’ food habits are as little as possible. In the second case (fuzzy approach) the actual diets are modified such that the persons’ food habits undergo little

change and the nutrient intake recommendations are met as well as possible. Both approaches are evaluated using data on the actual diets of three randomly chosen participants of the Bavarian

Food Intake Survey. RESULTS: With both approaches feasible solutions can be found. The optimal diets computed with the non fuzzy approach satisfy all the persons’ nutrient requirements, but

make it necessary to change the persons’ food habits considerably. When compared to the subjects’ actual diets, the optimal diets computed with the fuzzy approach yield improvements for the

intake of many nutrients, but in some cases deteriorations also occur (for example, concerning folate, calcium and iodine). So, the process and the results of the fuzzy approach are not

‘Pareto efficient’. But it has the advantage that the corresponding optimal diets deviate from the actual diets by no more than about 3–5 kitchen units per day. CONCLUSIONS: The term

‘optimal’ does not have a general meaning. An ‘optimal diet’ does not necessarily meet all the nutrient requirements of a person. Optimality only depends on the respective conditions any

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our FAQs * Contact customer support SIMILAR CONTENT BEING VIEWED BY OTHERS AMINO ACID VARIABILITY, TRADEOFFS AND OPTIMALITY IN HUMAN DIET Article Open access 05 November 2022 A FUZZY BASED

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HETEROGENEOUS DIETS HEALTHY AND WITHIN PLANETARY BOUNDARIES FOR CLIMATE CHANGE Article Open access 21 November 2023 AUTHOR INFORMATION AUTHORS AND AFFILIATIONS * Institut für Sozialökonomik

des Haushalts der Technischen Universität München-Weihenstephan, Freising, D-85350, Germany K Gedrich, A Hensel, I Binder & G Karg Authors * K Gedrich View author publications You can

also search for this author inPubMed Google Scholar * A Hensel View author publications You can also search for this author inPubMed Google Scholar * I Binder View author publications You

can also search for this author inPubMed Google Scholar * G Karg View author publications You can also search for this author inPubMed Google Scholar RIGHTS AND PERMISSIONS Reprints and

permissions ABOUT THIS ARTICLE CITE THIS ARTICLE Gedrich, K., Hensel, A., Binder, I. _et al._ How optimal are computer-calculated optimal diets?. _Eur J Clin Nutr_ 53, 309–318 (1999).

https://doi.org/10.1038/sj.ejcn.1600727 Download citation * Received: 18 August 1998 * Revised: 19 November 1998 * Accepted: 24 November 1998 * Published: 06 April 1999 * Issue Date: 01

April 1999 * DOI: https://doi.org/10.1038/sj.ejcn.1600727 SHARE THIS ARTICLE Anyone you share the following link with will be able to read this content: Get shareable link Sorry, a shareable

link is not currently available for this article. Copy to clipboard Provided by the Springer Nature SharedIt content-sharing initiative KEYWORDS * nutrition optimization * quadratic

programming * fuzzy logic * nutritional requirements * health planning guidelines * Bavarian Food Intake Survey