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ABSTRACT MORPHOLOGICAL characteristics of ELF emissions (frequency 2–3 kHz) observed at a low latitude ground station of Moshiri in Japan (geomag. lat. 34.5°N; _L_ = 1.59) are reported here.

ELF emissions in this frequency range are most poorly understood in the magnetospheric wave phenomena, and the information obtained on the ground will be of crucial importance in the study

of their generation and propagation mechanisms. We have been observing VLF and ELF emissions at Moshiri1–3 since 1964. We believe that Moshiri is at a lower latitude than any other where the

emissions are continuously recorded4. Emissions of the hiss type are measured, by the minimum detection method1, at four specific frequencies of 8 (Δƒ = ±1.25 kHz), 5 (±1 kHz), 1.5 (±.1

kHz) and 0.8 (±0.1 kHz) kHz, and recorded on paper charts. Wide band (0–10 kHz) observations on magnetic tapes have also been conducted following the synoptic schedule of two minutes every

hour. We have found, using Ariel 3 VLF data, that the storm-time VLF emissions at Moshiri are generated around the plasmapause by the electron cyclotron instability with ring current

electrons5. But the large number of VLF emissions appearing during magnetically quiet times have not been well studied2. Satellite measurements made on board Pogo (I. Kimura, personal

communication) and Isis6 have yielded a new type of ELF emissions (ƒ < 3 kHz). Access through your institution Buy or subscribe This is a preview of subscription content, access via your

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access 17 November 2021 LIGHTNING AT JUPITER PULSATES WITH A SIMILAR RHYTHM AS IN-CLOUD LIGHTNING AT EARTH Article Open access 23 May 2023 REFERENCES * Iwai, A., Outsu, J. & Tanaka, Y.

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INFORMATION AUTHORS AND AFFILIATIONS * Research Institute of Atmospherics, Nagoya University, Toyokawa, Aichi, 442, Japan MASASHI HAYAKAWA & YOSHIHITO TANAKA Authors * MASASHI HAYAKAWA

View author publications You can also search for this author inPubMed Google Scholar * YOSHIHITO TANAKA View author publications You can also search for this author inPubMed Google Scholar

RIGHTS AND PERMISSIONS Reprints and permissions ABOUT THIS ARTICLE CITE THIS ARTICLE HAYAKAWA, M., TANAKA, Y. ELF emissions observed at Moshiri. _Nature_ 270, 703–705 (1977).

https://doi.org/10.1038/270703a0 Download citation * Received: 26 July 1977 * Accepted: 28 October 1977 * Published: 01 December 1977 * Issue Date: 22 December 1977 * DOI:

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