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* RESEARCH HIGHLIGHT * 31 October 2023 By * Sarah Crunkhorn * Sarah Crunkhorn Macromolecular drugs, such as peptides and proteins, typically require parenteral administration due to their

high molecular weight and instability. Although the buccal region provides an attractive alternative delivery route due to its easy accessibility, avoidance of hepatic first-pass effect,

mild pH and relatively low proteolytic activity, the permeation of macromolecules across the buccal mucosa has been met with only limited success, even in the presence of a permeation

enhancer (PE). ACCESS OPTIONS Access Nature and 54 other Nature Portfolio journals Get Nature+, our best-value online-access subscription $32.99 / 30 days cancel any time Subscribe to this

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local taxes which are calculated during checkout ADDITIONAL ACCESS OPTIONS: _Nature Reviews Drug Discovery_ 22, 955 (2023) _doi: https://doi.org/10.1038/d41573-023-00174-x_ REFERENCES