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ABSTRACT Genomics profoundly influences current biology. One of many exciting consequences of this revolution is the potential for identifying and studying the genetic basis of those traits

affecting fitness that are key to natural selection. Recent studies using a multitude of genomic approaches have established such genotype–phenotype relationships in natural populations,

giving new insight into the genetic architecture of quantitative variation. In parallel, an emerging understanding of the quantitative genetics of fitness variation in the wild means that we

are poised to see a synthesis of ecological and molecular approaches in evolutionary biology. Access through your institution Buy or subscribe This is a preview of subscription content,

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OPTIONS: * Log in * Learn about institutional subscriptions * Read our FAQs * Contact customer support SIMILAR CONTENT BEING VIEWED BY OTHERS CORRELATIONAL SELECTION IN THE AGE OF GENOMICS

Article 15 April 2021 POLYGENIC ADAPTATION: A UNIFYING FRAMEWORK TO UNDERSTAND POSITIVE SELECTION Article 29 June 2020 IDIOSYNCRATIC EPISTASIS CREATES UNIVERSALS IN MUTATIONAL EFFECTS AND

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Google Scholar  Download references ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS This work was supported by grants from the Swedish Research Council (H.E.) and by a Royal Society University Research Fellowship and an

Erskine Fellowship (B.C.S). AUTHOR CONTRIBUTIONS H.E. and B.C.S. wrote the paper together. AUTHOR INFORMATION AUTHORS AND AFFILIATIONS * Department of Evolutionary Biology, Evolutionary

Biology Centre, Uppsala University, Norbyvägen 18D, SE-752 36 Uppsala, Sweden, Hans Ellegren * Department of Zoology, Edward Grey Institute, University of Oxford, South Parks Road, Oxford

OX1 3PS, UK, Ben C. Sheldon Authors * Hans Ellegren View author publications You can also search for this author inPubMed Google Scholar * Ben C. Sheldon View author publications You can

also search for this author inPubMed Google Scholar CORRESPONDING AUTHORS Correspondence to Hans Ellegren or Ben C. Sheldon. RIGHTS AND PERMISSIONS Reprints and permissions ABOUT THIS

ARTICLE CITE THIS ARTICLE Ellegren, H., Sheldon, B. Genetic basis of fitness differences in natural populations. _Nature_ 452, 169–175 (2008). https://doi.org/10.1038/nature06737 Download

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