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Access through your institution Buy or subscribe DIMERS DAMPEN T CELL ACTIVITY The transcription factor NFAT influences T cell function by acting together with other transcription factors,

including AP-1, T-bet GATA-3 and Foxp3. In the _Journal of Experimental Medicine_, Macian and colleagues show that NFAT homodimers are needed for the transcription of some genes associated

with T cell anergy. In T cells stimulated with ionomycin, mutant NFAT proteins that bind to AP-1 but not to other NFAT proteins induce activation of some (_Tle4_ and _Dgka_) but not other

(_Rnf128_ and _Casp3_) anergy-associated genes. Tandem κB-like binding sites in the _Rnf128_ promoter—to which NFAT homodimers bind—are needed for ionomycin-induced transcription of this

gene. T cells expressing the NFAT mutant that does not form dimers produce more interleukin 2 and have a lower anergy index score than do T cells transduced with a constitutively active form

of NFAT. Whether NFAT proteins form dimers with other proteins to facilitate expression of anergy-related genes such as _Tle4_ and _Dgka_ remains to be determined. _CB_ This is a preview of

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CITE THIS ARTICLE Research Highlights. _Nat Immunol_ 10, 459 (2009). https://doi.org/10.1038/ni0509-459 Download citation * Issue Date: May 2009 * DOI: https://doi.org/10.1038/ni0509-459

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