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Sacral neuromodulation is used to treat refractory overactive bladder (OAB). Recent research has shown that changes in brain activity during sacral neuromodulation relate to its mechanism of

action and that these changes vary with device settings. Much remains to be discovered about how sacral neuromodulation influences brain activity, but studies are now beginning to elucidate

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Weissbart, S. J. _ et al_. Specific changes in brain activity in women with overactive bladder after successful sacral neuromodulation with InterStim®: an FMRI study [abstract]. _Neurourol.

Urodyn._ 36 (Suppl. 1), S142–S143 (2017). Google Scholar  * Gill, B. C. _ et al_. Real-time changes in brain activity during sacral neuromodulation for overactive bladder. _J. Urol._

http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.juro.2017.06.074 (2017). * Blok, B. F. M., Groen, J., Bosch, J. L. H. R., Veltman, D. J. & Lammertsma, A. A. Different brain effects during chronic and acute

sacral neuromodulation in urge incontinent patients with implanted neurostimulators. _BJU Int._ 98, 1238–1243 (2006). Article  Google Scholar  Download references AUTHOR INFORMATION AUTHORS

AND AFFILIATIONS * Department of Urology, Glickman Urological and Kidney Institute, Mail Stop Q10-1, 9500 Euclid Avenue, Cleveland, 44195, Ohio, USA Bradley C. Gill & Howard B. Goldman *

Lerner College of Medicine, Education Institute, Mail Stop Q10-1, 9500 Euclid Avenue, Cleveland, 44195, Ohio, USA Bradley C. Gill & Howard B. Goldman * Department of Biomedical

Engineering, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Mail Stop Q10-1, 9500 Euclid Avenue, Cleveland, 44195, Ohio, USA Bradley C. Gill Authors * Bradley C. Gill View author publications

You can also search for this author inPubMed Google Scholar * Howard B. Goldman View author publications You can also search for this author inPubMed Google Scholar CORRESPONDING AUTHOR

Correspondence to Howard B. Goldman. ETHICS DECLARATIONS COMPETING INTERESTS B.C.G. declares no competing interests. H.B.G. received research funding from Medtronic for the work described in

this article. Additionally, H.B.G. serves as a consultant for Medtronic, Allergan, Axonics, Nuvectra, NewUro, and Cook. RIGHTS AND PERMISSIONS Reprints and permissions ABOUT THIS ARTICLE

CITE THIS ARTICLE Gill, B., Goldman, H. Sacral neuromodulation and alterations in brain activity — discussing discrepancies. _Nat Rev Urol_ 14, 697–698 (2017).

https://doi.org/10.1038/nrurol.2017.188 Download citation * Published: 14 November 2017 * Issue Date: December 2017 * DOI: https://doi.org/10.1038/nrurol.2017.188 SHARE THIS ARTICLE Anyone

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